猕猴桃园管理
KiwiFruit Orchard Management
June 15, 2019
Once the basic infrastructure is in place, it’s time to focus on the management of the orchard. While it’s easy to think mainly about planting and harvesting, the year-round management of the orchard includes winter pruning, pest and disease control, thinning, frost protection, summer pruning and pollination. Here is our quick guide on kiwifruit orchard management.
一旦基本的基础设施到位，是时候集中精力管理果园了。虽然主要考虑种植和收获很容易，但果园的全年管理包括冬季修剪、病虫害控制、疏伐、防冻、夏季修剪和授粉。这是我们关于猕猴桃园管理的快速指南。
1. What is the best practice to get the most out of your crop?
Pruning and nutrition are key parts of the orchard management strategy as it determines a major part of your crop yield outcomes. There are two main pruning times - in winter and in summer.
Winter Pruning
This is one of the most crucial steps in orchard management as this not only helps control your crop load for fruit to come, but it also determines how much work you will have to carry out throughout the season, including thinning and summer canopy work.
It’s important to test your soil each year to see what nutrients are available to the plant and what specific elements have been taken up from the previous season. These nutrients need to be replenished with an individually tailored nutrient programme. This programme continues into the Spring and Summer months to optimise plant health.
1.最大限度地利用作物的最佳做法是什么？
修剪和营养是果园管理策略的关键部分，因为它决定了作物产量的主要结果。主要有两个修剪时间——冬季和夏季。
冬季修剪
这是果园管理中最关键的步骤之一，因为这不仅有助于控制即将到来的水果的作物负荷，还决定了你在整个季节需要做多少工作，包括疏伐和夏季树冠工作。
重要的是，每年都要测试土壤，看看植物可以获得哪些营养物质，以及上一季吸收了哪些特定元素。这些营养素需要通过量身定制的营养计划来补充。该计划将持续到春季和夏季，以优化植物健康。
Summer Pruning
Once bud break, pollination and thinning have taken place, summer pruning is the next phase. Managing female fruiting canes and crop load correctly helps to control vegetative vigour so carbohydrates are partitioned to the fruit, increasing the light on fruiting leaves so they can keep photosynthesising, thereby feeding the fruit. It also determines the following year’s fruiting potential. Many growers leave huge amounts of potential return unrealised and uncaptured through not optimising pollination as it is a complex process to ensure maximum achievable returns. Talk to us to find out how Southern Cross Horticulture can help you to get the maximum achievable returns by optimising pollination.
Find out more about kiwifruit plants for sale and how to choose the best kiwifruit rootstock here.
夏季修剪
一旦断芽、授粉和疏伐发生，夏季修剪就是下一阶段。正确管理雌性子茎和作物负荷有助于控制营养活力，使碳水化合物分配到果实中，增加子叶的光照，使其能够保持光合作用，从而为果实提供营养。它还决定了下一年的结果潜力。许多种植者通过不优化授粉，留下了大量未实现和未获得的潜在回报，因为这是一个确保最大可实现回报的复杂过程。与我们交谈，了解南十字园艺如何通过优化授粉来帮助您获得最大的可实现回报。
在这里了解更多关于待售猕猴桃植物的信息，以及如何选择最好的猕猴桃砧木。
2. When is kiwifruit in season in New Zealand?
The season typically starts with winter pruning in June, July and August. Spring is the season for new growth during September and October. Flowering and pollination take place in November and December. These months can also be the most challenging with frosts, climatic conditions, and pest and disease control. The summer months of December, January and February are when crop load and summer canopy management occurs.
Harvesting of kiwifruit takes place in New Zealand during the months of March, April and May. It can be the most exciting time of the year as you finally get to see the fruits of your inputs and labour!
2.新西兰什么时候是猕猴桃的季节？
这个季节通常从6月、7月和8月的冬季修剪开始。春天是九月和十月新生长的季节。开花和授粉发生在11月和12月。这几个月也是霜冻、气候条件以及病虫害控制最具挑战性的月份。夏季的12月、1月和2月是作物负荷和夏季冠层管理的季节。
新西兰的猕猴桃收割在三月、四月和五月进行。这可能是一年中最激动人心的时刻，因为你终于可以看到你的投入和劳动成果了！
Kiwifruit is largely paid on taste (measured by Dry matter % of fruit content) and harvested on specific maturity criteria. This is made up of dry matter, brix, firmness, colour and black seed count.
Harvest is an exciting but challenging time of the season. It is essential to have a well-managed and controlled quality control system in place, as well as motivated pickers with diligent and caring harvest co-ordinators. This will ensure fruit storage potential is maximised and exceeds the demands of our international Zespri kiwifruit consumers.
猕猴桃在很大程度上取决于味道（以水果含量的干物质百分比衡量），并根据特定的成熟度标准收获。它由干物质、糖度、硬度、颜色和黑色种子数组成。
收获是一个激动人心但充满挑战的季节。至关重要的是要有一个管理和控制良好的质量控制系统，以及有积极性的采摘工人和勤奋体贴的收割协调员。这将确保水果储存潜力最大化，并超过我们国际Zespri猕猴桃消费者的需求。
3. Kiwifruit Orchard Managers in New Zealand
Our team at Southern Cross Horticulture are top experts in their chosen fields, including plant propagation, nursery technology and orchard management, working together to deliver kiwifruit of the highest quality.
We’ve been developing and managing our own profitable kiwifruit orchards using our tried and tested techniques for over 40 years. Through constantly trialling new techniques and innovation our teams know what works. We treat all our orchards as if they were our own, and we’re here to support you on your kiwifruit journey.
3.新西兰猕猴桃园经理
我们的南十字园艺团队是他们选择的领域的顶尖专家，包括植物繁殖、苗圃技术和果园管理，共同努力提供最高质量的猕猴桃。
40多年来，我们一直在使用我们久经考验的技术开发和管理我们自己的盈利猕猴桃园。通过不断试验新技术和创新，我们的团队知道什么是有效的。我们把所有的果园都当作自己的果园来对待，我们在这里支持您的猕猴桃之旅。
If you’re thinking about establishing a new kiwifruit orchard – or are considering converting a dairy farm into a kiwifruit orchard – an integrated kiwifruit orchard development and management company is the best place to start.
Ready to get started?
If you’d like to know more, the first step is for us to meet. We’d welcome the opportunity to visit your land, to listen to your vision, and discuss the potential to create a world-class orchard with you. Get in touch with us to today.
如果你正在考虑建立一个新的猕猴桃园，或者正在考虑将奶牛场改造成猕猴桃园，一家综合性的猕猴桃园开发和管理公司是最好的起点。
准备好开始了吗？
如果你想了解更多，第一步是我们见面。我们欢迎有机会参观您的土地，倾听您的愿景，并与您讨论创建世界级果园的潜力。请联系我们，直到今天。
